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What is DXM?

DXM, also known as dextromethorphan, is a cough-suppressing ingredient found in a variety of over-the counter cold and cough medications. When taken according to directions, products containing DXM produce few side effects and have a long history of safety and effectiveness as cough suppressants. When abused in high amounts, DXM becomes a dissociative* drug that can become dangerous.

What is Dextromethorphan?

Dextromethorphan, also known as DXM, is a cough-suppressing ingredient found in a variety of over-the counter cold and cough medications. When taken according to directions, products containing dextromethorphan produce few side effects and have a long history of safety and effectiveness as cough suppressants. When abused in high amounts, detromethorphan becomes a dissociative* drug that can become dangerous. At dangerously high-level doses Dextromethorphan is dissociative, like PCP and ketamine. Since the 1950s it has been used primarily as a safe and effective cough suppressant ingredient found in over-the-counter cough medicines. When taken according to directions, products containing DXM produce few side effects and have a long history of safety and effectiveness.

But these days, some teens are abusing this medicine and causing serious damage to their bodies. They think because it’s usually found in over-the-counter medicines that it must be harmless, just an easy and safe way to get high. But it’s not. Taken in recreational doses, which far exceed recommended doses, DXM can cause serious damage.

Even more serious when abused, over-the-counter medications that contain detroxmethorphan often contain antihistamine and decongestant ingredients as well, and high doses of these mixtures can seriously increase the harmful effects. Cough medicine is also sometimes abused with other drugs, including alcohol, which can cause other dangerous effects on the mind

What are short-term effects of DXM abuse?

The effects of DXM abuse vary with the amount taken. Common effects can include confusion, dizziness, double or blurred vision, slurred speech, impaired physical coordination, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, rapid heart beat, drowsiness, numbness of fingers and toes, and disorientation. DXM abusers describe different “plateaus” ranging from mild distortions of color and sound to visual hallucinations and “out-of-body,” feelings of detachment from the environment and self, sensations, and loss of motor control.

Vomiting: Ingesting medications containing DXM at recreational doses can lead to vomiting, often projectile vomiting or vomiting blood, and sometimes both at the same time.

Cardiac Arrest: DXM abusers are at risk for abnormally high cardiovascular activity. Experimenting with dangerously high doses of DXM can even trigger cardiac arrest.

Muscle Spasms: DXM abuse can impair the brain’s ability to tell the body how to move normally and extreme spasms can occur. Emergency room reports have recorded spasms where the head and heels are bent back and the torso thrust forward in connection with DXM abuse.

Delirium: When abused, DXM can trigger hallucinations, where you hear and see things that don’t actually exist. In this distorted perception of reality, you can not trust your senses. Your inability to accurately process information about your surroundings puts you at risk for accidents, injury, and possibly death.

What are long-term effects of DMX abuse?

Cough medications including DXM can contain other ingredients, such as acetaminophen, which can be very dangerous when taken in large quantities.

Could a person really die from taking cough medicine?

Yes, at high enough doses, DXM alone can suppress the central nervous system. If that happens your brain can stop telling your lungs to breathe. Some drugs that people take to get the DXM high also include other ingredients which can interact in your body and have dangerous consequences. And remember, extremely high doses of DXM can induce a hallucinatory state which can lead to “accidents” that result in death.

Shannon,24, Talks About DXM:

“I was looking for something that was easy to find, easy to do and something I enjoyed. And I had heard about DXM from my boyfriend at the time – because he and his friends were all into this stuff, so I was like ‘I’m gonna try it.’

“It became a tool that I used to take me out of the reality that I hated so much.

“When I used DXM, I thought it that it enhanced my writing, it made me think more, it made me become more artistic – I thought it enhanced the talents I already had. I would do my writing and my art while I was tripping, and I go back and look at it now and I’m like, ‘I thought this was good? I can’t even read it.’ It was horrible. I was so deluded into thinking that because it gave me that feeling — and that’s what I was so attracted to about it and that’s what I was ultimately addicted to – that feeling.”

Shawn, 23, Talks About Dextromethorphan:

“DXM was actually introduced to me by a friend that I’ve know for a very long time. He told me to try it one time and it got really bad from there.

The first time I tried DXM I couldn’t even walk. I had problems getting up but I really liked the feeling. I liked that I didn’t feel normal.

I became a really relaxed person – at least I thought I was, but my friends and family all said that I was off the wall and I was actually insane.

I noticed that I was doing everything I wanted to do – screw other people I didn’t care how they felt – I didn’t care about nobody. Nothing and nobody – not my parents, not my family, not my friends – I was living for me and my drug.

My downfall all started when I felt I became invincible and I started doing things I shouldn’t have been doing – breaking into cars, robbing people. Nobody could stop me – a bullet couldn’t stop me. I didn’t care if I got shot – I didn’t care about that stuff.”

*A dissociative is a drug which reduces (or blocks) signals to the conscious mind from other parts of the brain, typically to the physical senses. Such a state of sensory deprivation and dissociation can facilitate hallucinations, and dreamlike states of mind which may resemble some psychedelic mind states.

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